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Risk Management

Fixed-Fractional Position Sizing

Overview

Fixed-fractional position sizing risks a fixed percentage of your account on every trade (commonly 1-2%). This ensures that a string of losses reduces position sizes proportionally, protecting capital during drawdowns. It's the most widely recommended position sizing method for discretionary traders because it's simple, sustainable, and mathematically sound.

Key Concepts

Risk per trade = Account balance × Risk percentage (e.g., 1%). Position size = Risk per trade ÷ (Entry price - Stop loss price). Reduces position size during drawdowns automatically. Increases position size during growth periods. Compounding effect: winners grow the account faster than losers shrink it (at the same risk %).

Entry Signals

Calculate before every trade: Position size = (Account × Risk%) ÷ Distance to stop. Example: $50,000 account × 1% = $500 risk. If stop is $5 away, position size = 100 shares.

Exit Signals

If the loss would exceed 1-2% of the account, the position is too large. Reduce immediately. During drawdowns, natural position size reduction limits damage. Scale back risk % during high-volatility periods.

Best Timeframes

Applies to every trade on every timeframe

Pro Tips

Most professional traders risk 0.5-2% per trade. Beginners should start at 0.5% and increase only with a proven track record. Even the best strategies have losing streaks — position sizing determines whether you survive them.

More Topics in This Category

Risk-Reward Ratios

The risk-reward ratio (R:R or RRR) compares the potential loss (distance to stop loss) to the potential gain (distance to target) for each trade. A 1:2 R:R means you risk $1 to potentially make $2. By maintaining favourable risk-reward ratios, a trader can be profitable even with a win rate below 50%.

Volatility-Based Position Sizing

Volatility-based position sizing adjusts trade size according to an asset's current volatility, ensuring that each position carries a consistent dollar risk regardless of how volatile the instrument is. By dividing fixed risk by the asset's average true range or standard deviation, traders normalise risk across different assets and market conditions, preventing outsized losses during volatile periods.

Kelly Criterion

The Kelly Criterion is a mathematical formula for determining the optimal bet size to maximise long-term growth rate. Kelly = (bp - q) / b, where b = odds received, p = probability of winning, q = probability of losing. While theoretically optimal, full Kelly is too aggressive for most traders — half-Kelly or quarter-Kelly is more practical.

Risk of Ruin Modeling

Risk of ruin calculates the probability that a trader will lose a specified percentage of their account — typically enough to end their trading career — given their win rate, average reward-to-risk ratio, and percentage risked per trade. This mathematical framework quantifies whether a trading strategy is survivable over the long run and helps traders set appropriate risk limits to ensure longevity.