Dubai Mercantile Exchange

The Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE), established in 2002 under the People's Bank of China, is the world's largest physical gold exchange by delivery volume. SGE is the primary platform for spot gold and silver trading in China, setting the Shanghai Gold Benchmark Price (SHAU) twice daily in Chinese yuan, which serves as a domestic pricing reference. Products include gold slab, gold ingot, gold bars, and silver spot contracts. The International Board of SGE (SGEI), launched in 2014, allows overseas institutions to trade gold in yuan, furthering RMB gold market internationalisation.

The Mongolian Commodity Exchange (MCE), established in 2013 in Ulaanbaatar, is Mongolia's primary platform for trading raw agricultural and pastoral commodities. MCE lists 21 types of raw materials across six commodity groups: cashmere, wool, livestock, grain, meat, and leather. As Mongolia is one of the world's largest producers of cashmere, MCE plays a critical role in setting domestic benchmark prices for this high-value fibre. The exchange aims to bring transparency and standardisation to Mongolia's traditional commodity trading sector.

Osaka Dojima Exchange has its roots in the Dojima Rice Market, founded in 1697 in Osaka, which is considered the world's first commodity futures market. In its modern form, Osaka Dojima Exchange (rebranded from Osaka Dojima Commodity Exchange) trades futures and spot contracts for raw sugar, arabica coffee, rubber (RSS3, TSR20), precious metals (gold, silver), and agricultural products. Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) regulates the exchange. Dojima's historical significance as the birthplace of futures trading makes it one of the most important institutions in global commodity market history.

The Singapore Commodity Exchange (SICOM), founded in 1992, was Singapore's primary exchange for rubber futures and agricultural commodity derivatives. SICOM operated key rubber contracts including Ribbed Smoked Sheets Grade 3 (RSS3) and Technically Specified Rubber Grade 20 (TSR20), establishing Singapore as a global benchmark price-setting centre for Southeast Asian natural rubber. SGX (Singapore Exchange) acquired SICOM in 2014, integrating its commodity derivatives into the broader SGX platform, where SICOM rubber contracts continue to trade under the SGX Group umbrella.